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What does this calculator estimate?
A titration calculator solves the equivalence-point equation for the missing value. Enter the acid and base molarities, volumes, and the number of H⁺/OH⁻ per formula unit; leave one field blank.
- Ma×Va×H⁺ = Mb×Vb×OH⁻ at equivalence
- HCl has 1 H⁺; H₂SO₄ has 2
- Solves for the one blank field
How titration calculations work
At the equivalence point, the moles of H⁺ from the acid equal the moles of OH⁻ from the base. The product of molarity × volume × ion count balances the two sides — the standard equation for finding unknown concentrations or volumes.
Limitations to watch for
The tool assumes complete neutralization of a strong acid-base pair. Polyprotic acids (H₂SO₄) need the correct H⁺ count. Indicators mark the endpoint, which approximates the equivalence point. Weak acid-base titrations need pH-curve analysis, not just this equation.
How to use it in practice
Record the titrant volume at the color change, then solve for the unknown concentration. Use the correct ion count: 1 for HCl and NaOH, 2 for H₂SO₄, 3 for H₃PO₄.
['Enter acid molarity, acid volume, and ion counts.', 'Enter the base molarity or volume; leave the unknown blank.', 'The tool solves Ma×Va×H⁺ = Mb×Vb×OH⁻.']
How this calculator works
Formula
Acid-base titration: Ma × Va × H⁺ = Mb × Vb × OH⁻. Given any three of acid molarity, acid volume, base molarity, and base volume (plus the H⁺/OH⁻ counts), the fourth is solved at the equivalence point.
Worked example
25.0 mL of 0.10 M HCl (1 H⁺) titrated with 0.20 M NaOH (1 OH⁻): Vb = (0.10 × 25.0 × 1) ÷ (0.20 × 1) = 12.5 mL.
Assumptions to verify
- Strong acid–strong base neutralization.
- The ion counts (H⁺/OH⁻ per formula unit) are correct.
- Equivalence point ≈ endpoint.
Frequently asked questions
How do I find concentration from titration?
Use Ma×Va×H⁺ = Mb×Vb×OH⁻ at the equivalence point and solve for the unknown. 0.10 M HCl × 25 mL = Mb × 12.5 mL → Mb = 0.20 M.
What is the equivalence point?
The moment when moles of H⁺ equal moles of OH⁻ — the neutralization is stoichiometrically complete.
What is an indicator?
A dye that changes color near the equivalence point, signaling the endpoint — close to but not exactly the equivalence point.
Why does H₂SO₄ count double?
Each H₂SO₄ molecule releases 2 H⁺, so it neutralizes twice the base per mole. The tool's H⁺/OH⁻ fields handle this.
Does this work for weak acids?
Not directly — weak acid-base titrations need pH-curve analysis. This equation is for strong acid–strong base neutralization.
What if I don't know the volume of base?
Leave it blank — the tool solves for it. Fill the other three values.
What is a titrant?
The solution of known concentration added from the burette. The analyte is the solution being analyzed.
Cite this tool
BoringToolsKit. “Titration Calculator.” boringtoolskit.com/titration-calculator/ (reviewed 2026-08-25). Free to reference in articles, syllabi, and answer posts with a link.
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